Weapons:

Chippewa ball club with spike. Was collected 1650-1850 in New France. At the, Musée du quai Branly - Jacques Chirac, Paris, France.

GRASAC educator's permission

Ogichidaa talismen made of chert, St. Croix band of Chippewa. For a warrior's medicine bag to provide power and protection, from western Wisconsin.

authors collection

Historically grizzly bears ranged into Manitoba, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. By 1900 they had been hunted from the region On p.1 Chief Ne-Bah-Quah-Om is wearing what appears to be a grizzly necklace.

©Freemans/Hindman

Chippewa Ball club collected at Fort Snelling, Minnesota

Brooklyn Museum educator's permission

Tomahawk pipe collected on the White Earth Reservation, Minnesota in 1889

Harvard Peabody Museum, wikicommons

A SPONTOON CLUB. COMMONLY CALLED GUNSTOCK CLUBS FOR THEIR GUNSTOCK APPEARANCE. THE STEEL SPONTOON WOULD HAVE BEEN A TRADE ITEM. The weapon was acquired by the British Museum from the Jesuit Stonyhurst College. Stoneyhurst is the direct decendent of the Jesuit's St. Omer College that had sent missionaries to Walpole Island and Wikwemikong in 1844, Sault Ste. Marie in 1846, and Thunder Bay in 1848. The lines in the handle could indicate coups made with the weapon.

British Museum wikicommons

Austrian model 1854 .54 cal. Lorenz rifle:

The 1854 Treaty with the Chippewa stated the United States would furnish two hundred guns, one hundred rifles, five hundred beaver-traps, three hundred dollars’ worth of ammunition, This is the model of rifle the U.S. Government gave to the Wisconsin Chippewa. The gun was a percussion-type muzzle-loader simular to the American Springfield Model 1861 rifle-muskets. ©Smithsonian

1858 Lehmann's "Indian" rifle .54-.58 cal.

This rifle is what the Government purchased to use for annunity or treaty payments with the Chippewas of the Mississippi, Pillagers, and Lake Winnibigoshish all received these weapons in 1858. They came in two caliburs .54 or .58. These guns were used long after more modern rifles became available. There were 50 shotguns in the treaty goods for The Treaty of Old Crossing in 1862 for the Red-Lake and Pembina bands. They were used against the Sioux at Fort Abercrombie. wikicommons

Chippewa Ojibwa burials:

Fond-du-Lac child's scaffold burial. The box was described as not being large enough for an adult to be laid out full length

Illustration from "A Further Contribution to the Study of Mortuary Customs of the North American Indians" by Dr. H. C. Yarrow. First Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian, 1879-80 (Washington, Government Printing Office, 1881) . The image first appeared In Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 71, plate 4, "A Chippewa Grave at Fond du Lac" 1826.

©Smithsonian

Memory bundles. A woman who had lost her mate would make a bundle of his belongings to morn his death as warriors did not always return. Chief Rocky Boy's bundle is still maintained by his family.

Charles Chippewa on Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation

Fig. 32 "Chippeway Widow", A Further Contribution to the Study of the Mortuary Customs of the North American Indians, Dr. H.C. Yarrow First Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1881. ©Smithsonian

Traditional spirit houses. Each individual has: a physical body, a spirit, and a shadow.

1873 "The Chippewa grave feast", John William Dawson. In 1905 the Bureau of Ethnology published that morning typically would last a year.

https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/45043535/1907-10-01/ed-1/seq-6/

Jiibegamig, spirit houses:

Spirit house of Chief Odahmeekoo at Muncey Town. Published by Methodist minister Chief Jones or Chief Kah-ke-wa-quo-na-by-was in his "History of the Ojebway Indians," 1861.

https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.35737/3

The Spirit House has stone wired to the end with likely the name of the deceased and possibly The Morning STar inscibed on it. the Morning Star, symbolizes a Link with the spiritual world, new beginnings, and enlightenment, It also represents a link between the living and the spirits of the past. The Morning Star is often associated with guidance and hope. It could also be the "Returning home star" (Polaris) for the Ogimaag Dodem (chief or headsman) It could also be the Wolf Star (Canis Major) for the Wolf Dodum)

Chippewa burial sticks. The upper left stick is an example for a man with pictograms for his Dodum, battles, and the coups he counted.

Bureau of American Ethnology

"Grave Fire" or "Maajaa ishkode", by the American School. A widow or mother by a grave board . For four days and nights food is kept near the grave and a fire built for night long vigils. On the final night there is a family meal and the spirit is instructed it must make a journey.

Ojibwe (Chippewa) People: funeral rites, Spiritualité Autochtone, 2025 https://peuplesautochtones.com/ojibwe-people-funeral-rites/

AN OJIBWA QUOTE;

"YOUR ARE READY TO LEAVE ME NOW, BE SURE TO NOT LOOK BACK FOR YOUR GLANCE DRAWS US ALONG. LOOK STRAIGHT AHEAD AS YOU WERE TOLD BY THE CHIEF MIDE. WE LIVE HERE AS LONG AS WE ARE SUPPOSED TO. NEVER WISH US TO HASTEN AND JOIN YOU, FOR YOU WILL FIND YOUR BROTHERS THERE, AND YOUR MOTHER, FATHER, AND GRANDPARENTS THERE ALSO. DO NOT TROUBLE US WE WILL DO ALL YOU REQUESTED BEFORE YOU DIED.'

The Constellation Orion was called Mesabi by the Ojibwa on the Mesabi Iron Range in Miinnesota.[141].

wikicommons

Ojibwa beadwork:

Ojibwa matching mirrored image panels for a woman's garment in a biomorphic design. ca. 1850. ©Cleveland Museum of Art

Medicine Bandolier bag, Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Made from tanned deer legs with hoofs that have notched edges. The beadwork has alternating buck and doe heads 1910, ©Logan Museum of Anthropology, Beloit College.

Wisconsin Ojibwa pipe with a symetric biomorphic panel. Art Balckburn Gallery

Wisconsin Ojibwa pipe bag with a symetric biomorphic panel. Art ©Balckburn Gallery

Ojibwa Medicine Bag with combined organic elements and a large panel in a geometric alternating pattern.

©Wabeno Logging Museum.

Ojibwa bandolier 1890-1910. It has an asymmetrical biomorphic design of stylized thistle heads . Thistles, with their sharp spines, are seen as a symbol of protection against negative forces. The Ojibwe believe that thistles can act as a bridge between the human and spirit worlds and protect from dangers. © McClung Museum

Ojibwa fire bag with a symmetrical geometric panel. ©Metropolitan

Ojibwa bandolier, 1870s Metropolitan wikicommons

Anishinbbe bandolier with a symetrical geometric panel. Unmatching geometric shoulder straps. ca.1870 ©Smithsonian

Wisconsin Ojibwa bandolier asymetric biomorphic design 1890s ©1stDibs

Ojibwa bandolier witha an asymmetric biomorphic panel. ca. 1890's ©Bonhams Skinner

Ojibwa drum, ca. 1840 ©Detroit Institute of Arts

Objiwa appearance: Dress, headdress, hair, tattoos,[269] peircings, body paint, and ornaments.[49]

Ojibwa woman's collar with a biomorphic design.

©Portland Museum of Art

Edmona Lewis: neoclassicist

Hiawatha: Edmona Lewis

Drawn from Longfellow's song of Hiawatha in marble.

wikicommons

1844-1907, Edmonia Lewis albumen print, ca.1870, by Henry Rocher in the National Portrait Gallery. Edmonia was of African American Mississauga Ojibwa heritage. She was the first African-American/Native American sculptress to achieve international recognition. She is known for drawing from Longfellow's fictionalized Ojibwa warrior Hiawatha for the subject matter of several busts and sculptures.

wikicommons

The Arrow Maker, Edmona Lewis

Art depicting the Chippewa in government buildings:

Indian Attack on the Village of Saint Louis in 1780. Oscar E. Berninghaus depicts Chief Matchekewis with his men. 1925. The mural is in a lunette of the Missouri State Capitol.

wikicommons

The North Hearing room of Wisconsin's State Capitol has four transpotation themed murals. One has the Chippewa with their canoes at a fur trading post by Charles Yardley Turner, 1915. [16][17]

1939 WPA "Indian Hunters and Rice Gatherers" Margaret Martin, Mural study for U.S Post Office, St. James, Minnesota. The more stylized final version hangs in St. James.[18]

Useage of The "Chippewa" name:

"Chippewa" Lake Superiour side wheeler 1893.

wikicommons

#152 "Chippewa" a 4-6-2 "Pacific" locomotive with her distinctive color scheme and huge "Hiawatha" logo on the tender. ca. 1940. "Chippewa" was emblazoned on the side of the running boards above the divers. Other non-stream lined locomotives were added with the same colors with "Chippewa" across the top of the tenders. Known locomotives labeled "Chippewa" were engines: # 150, 151, 152, and 197

The Milwaukee Railroad initated Streamlined passenger service from Chicago to Ontonagon, Michigan in 1937 continuing until 1960. The Milwaukee also ran the Chippewa Valley Line that was initiated in 1882.

1868 Wisconsin paddlewheel Packet boat the "Chippewa" on the west Eau Claire Levee. In 1859 the American Fur Company steamboat "Chippewa" was the first packet to reach Fort Benton trading post.[15] The American Fur Company acknowledged the indigenious by naming riverboats for the tribes it traded with.

wikicommons

MV Chippewa car ferry on Puget Sound. At a huge expense she was reconfigured from the passenger ferry in the top image into a vehicle ferry in the 1930's. The "Chippewa" was an important part of life on the sound.

public domain

"Chippewa" retired WWII Navy tug YTL-361 . She was christened the "Chippewa" in 1976. Tugs are viewed as "tough" which was why the name was chosen.

USS Wabanquot (YTB-525), later YTM-525, United States Navy tug 1945 to 1976. Wabanquot was a Hisada-class tug. Named for the famous Ojibwa Chief who offered to fight the Sioux in 1862 and the first USN Ship named for a Native American.

wikicommons

Weapons:

Chippewa ball club with spike. Was collected 1650-1850 in New France. At the, Musée du quai Branly - Jacques Chirac, Paris, France.

Ogichidaa talismen made of chert, St. Croix band of Chippewa. For a warrior's medicine bag to provide power and protection, from western Wisconsin.

Historically grizzly bears ranged into Manitoba, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. By 1900 they had been hunted from the region On p.1 Chief Ne-Bah-Quah-Om is wearing what appears to be a grizzly necklace.

One Chief's peace pipe another's war club:

Chief Aysh-ke-bah-ke-ko-zhay (Flat-Mouth), Leech-Lake band steatite pipe, collected 1866, [262]

Chief Shingwaukonce (Little Pine) Garden-River band. War club with an animal head finial that has a broken piece of metal protruding from the mouth, possiblly from a spike or for attaching some sort embelishment. Royal Ontario Museum

Chippewa Ball club collected at Fort Snelling, Minnesota

Tomahawk pipe collected on the White Earth Reservation, Minnesota in 1889

Austrian model 1854 .54 cal. Lorenz rifle:

Loom beaded Ojibwa knife case.

Mille-Lacs band of Ojibwe bow

1858 Lehmann's "Indian" rifle .54-.58 cal.

Chippewa Ojibwa birch bark wigwams & teepees:

Wigwams, traditional birchbark Ojibwa homes . The favored construction material when it was available. Unlike hides it did not absorb water.

Lac du Flambeau Medicine man's wigwam, Bearskin seated by his home.

Birch bark Wigwams

Chippewa Ojibwa burials:

Fond-du-Lac child's scaffold burial. The box was described as not being large enough for an adult to be laid out full length

Memory bundles. A woman who had lost her mate would make a bundle of his belongings to morn his death as warriors did not always return. Chief Rocky Boy's bundle is still maintained by his family.

Traditional spirit houses. Each individual has: a physical body, a spirit, and a shadow.

Jiibegamig, spirit houses:

Spirit house of Chief Odahmeekoo at Muncey Town. Published by Methodist minister Chief Jones or Chief Kah-ke-wa-quo-na-by-was in his "History of the Ojebway Indians," 1861.

A traditional Spirit house of rough cut logs with openings for the deceased's spirit to leave and return. As finished lumber became available it was used instead to build more "house like" structures for the Spirit to use.

Bay Mills band cemetery

Chippewa burial sticks. The upper left stick is an example for a man with pictograms for his Dodum, battles, and the coups he counted.

"Grave Fire" or "Maajaa ishkode", by the American School. A widow or mother by a grave board . For four days and nights food is kept near the grave and a fire built for night long vigils. On the final night there is a family meal and the spirit is instructed it must make a journey.

The Constellation Orion was called Mesabi by the Ojibwa on the Mesabi Iron Range in Miinnesota.[141].

Binawin naging or cradle boards:

Cradle board from the Grand Portage Lake Superior Chippewa. Made by Mash-ko-wa-ni-ma doke (Strong Wind)prior to 1932

CRADLE BOARD by Josephine Norcross of the White Earth Band of Chippewa PRIOR TO 1932

Ojibwa beadwork:

Edmona Lewis: neoclassicist

Hiawatha: Edmona Lewis

The Arrow Maker, Edmona Lewis

Art depicting the Chippewa in government buildings:

Indian Attack on the Village of Saint Louis in 1780. Oscar E. Berninghaus depicts Chief Matchekewis with his men. 1925. The mural is in a lunette of the Missouri State Capitol.

The North Hearing room of Wisconsin's State Capitol has four transpotation themed murals. One has the Chippewa with their canoes at a fur trading post by Charles Yardley Turner, 1915. [16][17]

1939 WPA "Indian Hunters and Rice Gatherers" Margaret Martin, Mural study for U.S Post Office, St. James, Minnesota. The more stylized final version hangs in St. James.[18]

Sculptures of the Ojibwa Chippewa in public parks:

Bronze "Indian Scout" by Hamilton MacCarthy, 1918, Major's Hill Park, Ottawa, Canada. Was renamed "Anishinabe Scout" in the 1990s.

Bronze "Chief Shaynowishkung" (Chief Bemidji) by Gareth Curtiss, 2015 in Bemidji Minnesota

Bronze Old Crossing Treaty memorial by Anders Skog.

Useage of The "Chippewa" name:

"Chippewa" Lake Superiour side wheeler 1893.

MV Chippewa car ferry on Puget Sound. At a huge expense she was reconfigured from the passenger ferry in the top image into a vehicle ferry in the 1930's. The "Chippewa" was an important part of life on the sound.

"Chippewa" retired WWII Navy tug YTL-361 . She was christened the "Chippewa" in 1976. Tugs are viewed as "tough" which was why the name was chosen.

USS Wabanquot (YTB-525), later YTM-525, United States Navy tug 1945 to 1976. Wabanquot was a Hisada-class tug. Named for the famous Ojibwa Chief who offered to fight the Sioux in 1862 and the first USN Ship named for a Native American.

This website uses cookies.