Learn the First Nation History as well as the legacy
compiled by mcb133aco
site by John Verdon
Red Lake Chippewa
Learn the First Nation History as well as the legacy
compiled by mcb133aco
site by John Verdon
Red Lake Chippewa
Oral history has the tribe originating near the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. It is believed that the Chippewa/Ojibwa are the descendants of the Old Copper Culture that inhabited the Great Lakes region ca. 4,000–1,500 BC as part of the Laurel complex.[17] [18][19][20][21][22] They utilized surface deposits of raw copper in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Ontario. The Chippewa/Ojibwa, Ottawa/Odawa, and Potawatomi are the Anishinaabe tribes that make up the Council of Three Fires. The Chippewa were the first to build a fire. They are the "Keepers of Tradition" in medicine and faith and are entrusted with the sacred scrolls as well as the teachings of the ancient Midewewin Lodge. The Ottawa are the "Keepers of the Trade", and the Potawatomi the "Keepers of the Fire".[23]
Recorded in the Library of Congress are Schoolcraft's two variations of what the tribe called itself: Achipoué or Ojibway. "Chippewa" is the anglicized version of Achipoué or a form of that word Like Otchipwe.[24] Multiple sources state that "Ojibwa" is the francized version of the same Anishinaabe word. They also state that both variations are correct indicating that there are two accepted pronunciations of the same word. See the List of Ojibwa ethnonyms. Respecting that there are indigenious that identify as one or the other this article will use both terms contrary to standardized English form. Hahatonouadeba was the French transliteration of the Dacotah word Hahatunwan meaning Chippewa. The Dacotah used it in reference to the Hahatunwan Watpa or Chippewa River as Jonathan Carver wrote.[25]
"Misko-biiwaabik" a gift from Gitchee Manitou.[26] It was noted that the Chippewa carried carefully wrapped copper nuggets in their medicine bags.[27] They could be made to shine if rubbed with sand.
Be sheekee/Buffalo by Francis Vincenti in U.S. Senate wing of the Capitol. U.S House has bronze copy
Geographically the Anishinaabe language has provided many names in use today. The Mississippi River gets it name from the Chippewa word for "Great-River", Misiziibi. Wisconsin, Minnesota and Michigan have rivers named for the Chippewa plus a water falls. The origins of the name Wisconsin is not agreed upon, but may come from the Chippewa word Meskousing which refers to the red cliffs of the Wisconsin Dells. Michigan's name comes from the Ojibwa as well, Michigamme or Mishigamaa meaning "Great-water". Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota all have lakes named for the Chippewa people with Minnesota having three. All three states have Chippewa Counties. In addition, geologists named the prehistoric proglacial lake, that pre-dates the Great Lakes region, as Lake Chippewa. Further north they named another pre-historic lake Lake Ojibway. Additionally, both Ontario and Minnesota have a lake named "Ojibway Lake". Both the Canadian province and Lake Manitoba get their name from the Ojibwa manitou-wapow, or "strait of the Manitou". Iowa named Gitchie Manitou State Preserve on the Minnesota border for the Ojibwa creator. New York has a Chippewa Bay on the St. Lawerence River named in 1802. Manitoba, Wisconsin, and Minnesota all have a Lake Windigo while Michigans has a Lake Windaga.
In 1829, Henry Schoolcraft proposed to the Michigan territorial legislature that Michigan's place names come “from aboriginal names, so far as they are suitable, or can be anglicized.”
Using the compass, the Anishinaabe primary direction is "east" with the rising sun.[104] Additionally, the Ojibwa believe knowledge comes from the east.[105] Frances Densmore wrote in her 1929 book that the Chippewa buried their dead with the feet pointing to the east as that was the direction they would travel in the afterlife.[106]
Chippewa/Sioux intertribal Treaties:
See: Ojibwe#Ojibwe treaties.
The FDL letter instructs send reply to: Joseph Gurrol/Gurnoe (Shing-wāk-onse) at Bayfield Wisconsin
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